جايگاه معلولان در حقوق بشر
نویسنده: عالیه شکر بیگی
راستی جایگاه معلولین در جامعه‌ي ما در کجاست؟ بعضا، روزانه ممکن است مشاهده‌گر انسان‌هايی باشیم که ناتوانند و به سختی کارهای شان را انجام می‌دهند و از نعمت سلامتی برخوردار نیستند. آیا تا به حال با خود فکرکرده‌اید که چه کمکی می‌توانید به این انسان هایی که در دریای توفان زده‌ي زندگی و جامعه غرق اند، برسانید؟ و دولت و قوانین چه حمایت‌هایی به این انسان ها می‌رسانند و به هرحال در ادامه، این سوال هم به ذهن می‌رسد که جامعه ي جهانی چه امکاناتی برای این انسان‌های ناتوان در نظر گرفته و میکانیزم های اجرای این قوانین کجاست و جایگاه این گروه از انسان‌ها در حقوق بشر کجاست؟ و بالاخره چتر حمایتی حقوق بشر بر این انسان‌ها چه گستره اي را در بر می‌گیرد؟ به هر حال ابتدا نگاهی به اعلامیه جهانی حقوق بشر و قوانین مصوب در باره معلولان می پردازیم. ذكر اين نكته ضروري است كه برخي نظريه‌ها از جمله نظريه حقوق طبيعي، نظريه حقوق موضوعه، به ويژه ديدگاه كانت كه مبتني بر اخلاق حق‌مدار است، در شكل‌گيري منشور حقوق بشر تاثير زيادي داشته اند. نكته‌ي اساسي در مباحث فلسفي حقوق بشر اين است كه حيات انساني مي‌تواند و بايد داراي ارزش باشد. بدين معنا كه انسان، از آن جایی که انسان است داراي ارزش، احترام و حرمت است و اين ارزش او بايد تضمين شود. از سوي
ديگر انسان داراي حق تعيين سرنوشت نيز است كه بايد اين حق نيز محترم شمرده و تكريم شود ادامه
Afghanistan's Disability Crisis
The New York Times
Wednesday, October 8, 2008
A disabled Afghan refugee returns to Afghanistan to advocate for greater services for the country's disabled population. Watch the video
Two Worlds of Disability
In order to make other disabled people accept their disabilities as a natural part of their lives, they arrange talk shows on the Internet to promote the quality of life and persuade them to continue living as an independent person, not a disadvantaged life.
Professir X and young beautiful Santina Muha run a TV station and broadcast live videos that are based on the life of people with disabilities. In the video beneath, Mr. X shares his opining about accessibility and Santina speaks about her social activities. These two wonderful young people inspire any depressed disabled people and help them to accept and love their life wholly with disabilities.
In the third world countries, as example in Afghanistan where I came from, the word disability has a very different meaning. People have unlike perceptions about it and always see it in more negative light.
The day when an Afghan is hit by a rocket and falls down bleeding, people will immediately forget that situation and say the person is under God’s punishment.
Although God did not fire that rocket so it’s the person’s fate receiving the punishment through God’s will for his or her bad actions. It’s the culture. Unfortunately, it's not easy to change.
This hopelessness and being outcast from society have fueled opium use among the disabled Afghan population
When I traveled to Afghanistan after seven years I anticipated to see everybody enjoying the new democratic regime however I disappointedly found out the opposite.
I really wondered why I couldn’t see wheelchairs in the streets, markets or any part of the cities despite the fact that there were millions of disabled people living in the country. It was clear that lack of accessibility ruthlessly forced every wheelchair use to stay at home.
Being in a wheelchair in Afghanistan at every new and old buildings, the person needs to be carried by four or five people, in order to get up the stairs. I almost forgot being a disabled person after starting a new life in America although as soon as I arrived at Kabul Airport, I suddenly realized that I am a needy person. Now I have to look for others sorrowfully to help me get up any staircases.
How can we fight this misery when no disabled person is able to come out from his or her home and moreover discuss the matters with leaders and politicians? I assume that if every disabled Afghan had a computer, a power wheelchair like me, they conclusively would stand next to me to fight for a change.
I had the opportunity that allowed me to educate myself learning a new language and the use of technology. I have been learning English since I came to the US in 2003. I certainly believe that if we had these opportunities in Afghanistan, every disabled Afghans would be able to live a life without afflictions and poverty.
Disabled Afghans are not able to listen to People like Mr. X and Santina. They do not have electricity to watch TV or use computers, which can be a big influence.
A special thanks to Miss Santina Muha for giving me permission to post this video here
